Andrews, the seat of Andrews County, covers an area of 4.73 square miles with Andrews County encompassing 1,501 square miles.  Andrews is situated in the Permian Basin, a vast oval of land of about 100,000 square miles.  A shallow sea known as Permian Sea, which was densely populated with life, once covered the region; hence giving the region name Permian Basin.  The Permian Basin region contains one-forth of the nation’s oil and gas reserves.  Andrews County is the second most oil-producing county in this vast basin.

Andrews County, located in the southern High Plains, is bounded on the west by New Mexico, on the north by Gaines County, on the east by Martin County, and on the south by Winkler and Ector counties. The center of the county is at 32°18' north latitude and 102°50' west longitude.

Andrews County encompasses a vast region of level, rolling prairie land typical of the southern High Plains. This region tends to have short grasses, sparse and scrubby tree growth, and limited rainfall.  Sandy soils predominate except in the east, where red clay loam is found.

The climate of Andrews County is mild and semi-arrid.  Low humidity allows for conditions that are conducive to personal comfort, especially during the summer months.  Temperatures range from a January average minimum of 30°F to a July average maximum of 96°F.  Average annual rainfall is 14.96 inches with most occurring between April and October and the annual average snowfall is 4.2 inches.  The elevation of Andrews County varies from 3,000 feet in the south to 3,400 feet in the north, and the city of Andrews elevation is 3,190 feet.